Joint and direct effects of genotypes and environment conditions on yield and yield components variability of maize inbred lines

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of environmental conditions and genotype on the yield of three maize lines and the morphological properties of ears and seeds. Three hybrid maize lines were used as material in the study conducted in two consecutive years (2018 and 2019) at one location (Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia). The following parameters were monitored: seed weight (SW), seed volume (V), bulk density (BD), ear length (EL), ear thickness (ET), fraction content and seed yield (MSY). Calibration divided the seed into a small seed fraction of 6.5-8.4 mm (SF) and a large seed fraction of 8.5-11 mm (LF). Seeds smaller than 6.5 mm and larger than 11 mm are presented as seed waste fraction (FW). The average seed yield for all three lines in the first and the second year was 6.13 and 4.66 t ha-1 , respectively. A significant impact of the environment was noticed on seed weights in both years (2018 and 2019), i.e. 327.56 and 251.77 g, respectively. The total variation in yield determined by the morphological characteristics of the seed was R2 =0.514.