Процентуално учешће фракција семена у раним генотиповима хибридног кукуруза

Abstract

Processing methods depend on the composition of seed fractions. The introduction of new and improved solutions in processing of hybrid maize seed contributes to the improvement of such seed in order to satisfy requirements of cropping and growing practices of commercial crop production. The objective of this study was to establish the percentage share of four basic seed fractions (SO, SP, SSO, SSP) in the seed material, their variation over production locations and their influence on 1000-kernel weight, germination and germination energy. Four genotypes of the FAO maturity groups 100 and 200 (ZP196, ZP 209, ZP256 and ZP 260) were used as the material in the study. Distribution of materials on fractions was performed in the laboratory, as well as the assessment of energy and seed germination. The results showed that the SO is most frequent fraction in three hybrids (ZP196, COP 209, ZP256), while SSO is most common in the fourth NG 260 CSF. The percentage share of certain fractions ranged from 14.9% for the SSP fraction to 54.3% for the CSF fraction. This percentage ratio does not change significantly in relation to the location of production. Germination and energy of all observed hybrids and fractions was high, over 90%. Larger discrepancies between energy and seed germination were recorded only at SSO seed fraction. Analysed results schow that the potential of a genotype will be maximally used, if the fraction ratios of hybrids introduced to the production is known and if the proper processing is applied.