TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gosik, Rafal
AU  - Caldara, Roberto
AU  - Toševski, Ivo
AU  - Skuhrovec, Jiří
PY  - 2024
UR  - https://plantarum.izbis.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1227
AB  - The mature larvae of the following fourteen Rhinusa species are described and illustrated:
Rhinusa antirrhini (Paykull, 1800), R. asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807), R. collina (Gyllenhal,
1813), R. eversmanni (Rosenschoeld, 1838), R. florum (Rubsaamen, 1895), R. herbarum
(H. Brisout de Barneville, 1862), R. incana (Kirsch, 1881), R. linariae (Panzer, 1796),
R. melas (Boheman, 1838), R. neta (Germar, 1821), R. pilosa (Gyllenhal, 1838), R. rara
Toševski & Caldara, 2015, R. tetra (Fabricius, 1792), and R. vestita (Germar, 1821). The
pupae of thirteen of them (except R. incana) were also described. The comparison of
larval morphological characters and plant preferences provides evidence supporting
the existence of different species groups previously established according to a phylogenetic
analysis based on adult morphological characters. The following diagnostic
attributes distinguishing the genus Rhinusa are highlighted. For the larvae: (1) pronotal
shield indistinct; (2) thoracic prodorsal fold small or even vestigial; (3) abdominal postdorsal
folds (especially of segments III–VII) high or even in the form of conical protuberances;
(4) cuticle of abdominal segments densely covered with asperities; (5) cuticle
without dark spots or dark pigmentation; (6) head suboval, rarely round; (7) labrum usually
with 2 als; (8) des1 short or absent, rarely elongated; and (9) fs1-3 usually absent or
minute. For the pupae: (1) body stout; (2) head protuberances always present; (3) pronotal
protuberances (if present), separated at bases of the pronotum, always wider than
higher; (4) abdominal protuberance usually present, wide or round; (5) femora usually
with a single fes; and (6) urogomphi short or vestigial. Keys to the larvae and pupae
described here are provided. All the characters used for identification are illustrated by
photographs or drawings. Biological and distribution data, including new information,
are provided for all the species studied.
PB  - Pensoft Publishers
T2  - ZooKeys
T1  - Description of immature stages of Rhinusa species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Mecinini) with a focus on diagnostic morphological characters at the species and genus levels
EP  - 94
SP  - 1
VL  - 1195
DO  - 10.3897/zookeys.1195.112328
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Gosik, Rafal and Caldara, Roberto and Toševski, Ivo and Skuhrovec, Jiří",
year = "2024",
abstract = "The mature larvae of the following fourteen Rhinusa species are described and illustrated:
Rhinusa antirrhini (Paykull, 1800), R. asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807), R. collina (Gyllenhal,
1813), R. eversmanni (Rosenschoeld, 1838), R. florum (Rubsaamen, 1895), R. herbarum
(H. Brisout de Barneville, 1862), R. incana (Kirsch, 1881), R. linariae (Panzer, 1796),
R. melas (Boheman, 1838), R. neta (Germar, 1821), R. pilosa (Gyllenhal, 1838), R. rara
Toševski & Caldara, 2015, R. tetra (Fabricius, 1792), and R. vestita (Germar, 1821). The
pupae of thirteen of them (except R. incana) were also described. The comparison of
larval morphological characters and plant preferences provides evidence supporting
the existence of different species groups previously established according to a phylogenetic
analysis based on adult morphological characters. The following diagnostic
attributes distinguishing the genus Rhinusa are highlighted. For the larvae: (1) pronotal
shield indistinct; (2) thoracic prodorsal fold small or even vestigial; (3) abdominal postdorsal
folds (especially of segments III–VII) high or even in the form of conical protuberances;
(4) cuticle of abdominal segments densely covered with asperities; (5) cuticle
without dark spots or dark pigmentation; (6) head suboval, rarely round; (7) labrum usually
with 2 als; (8) des1 short or absent, rarely elongated; and (9) fs1-3 usually absent or
minute. For the pupae: (1) body stout; (2) head protuberances always present; (3) pronotal
protuberances (if present), separated at bases of the pronotum, always wider than
higher; (4) abdominal protuberance usually present, wide or round; (5) femora usually
with a single fes; and (6) urogomphi short or vestigial. Keys to the larvae and pupae
described here are provided. All the characters used for identification are illustrated by
photographs or drawings. Biological and distribution data, including new information,
are provided for all the species studied.",
publisher = "Pensoft Publishers",
journal = "ZooKeys",
title = "Description of immature stages of Rhinusa species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Mecinini) with a focus on diagnostic morphological characters at the species and genus levels",
pages = "94-1",
volume = "1195",
doi = "10.3897/zookeys.1195.112328"
}

Gosik, R., Caldara, R., Toševski, I.,& Skuhrovec, J.. (2024). Description of immature stages of Rhinusa species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Mecinini) with a focus on diagnostic morphological characters at the species and genus levels. in ZooKeys
Pensoft Publishers., 1195, 1-94.
https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1195.112328

Gosik R, Caldara R, Toševski I, Skuhrovec J. Description of immature stages of Rhinusa species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Mecinini) with a focus on diagnostic morphological characters at the species and genus levels. in ZooKeys. 2024;1195:1-94.
doi:10.3897/zookeys.1195.112328 .

Gosik, Rafal, Caldara, Roberto, Toševski, Ivo, Skuhrovec, Jiří, "Description of immature stages of Rhinusa species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Mecinini) with a focus on diagnostic morphological characters at the species and genus levels" in ZooKeys, 1195 (2024):1-94,
https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1195.112328 . .