Pathogenicity of isolates of Colletotrichum spp.: The causal agents of anthracnose

Abstract

The pathogenic characteristics of 20 isolates of Colletotrichum spp. originating from pear, apple, sour cherry and tomato fruits, as well as reference strains of C. acutatum (CBS 294.67) and C. gloeosporioides (CBS 516.97) are presented in this paper. In the studies of host range of isolates of Colletotrichum spp. were included 17 plant species. Nine days after artificial inoculation all tested isolates were caused anthracnose lesion on fruits of apple, pear, peach, apricot, sour cherry, sweet cherry, plum, strawberry, grape, tomato, pepper, eggplant, cucumber, zucchini, and green beans. Isolates of Colletotrichum spp. originating from the same host showed some differences in the degree of aggressiveness, which can be interpreted as the genetic variability of populations. The results of one-way analysis of variance indicate that the pathogenicity of isolates of Colletotrichum spp. is statistically significantly different on immature and mature fruits of pear, apple, sour cherry and tomato. Low to moderate sensitivity of immature fruits was confirmed by comparison of the degree of necrosis. Mature fruits were manifested a strong sensitivity to all tested isolates of Colletotrichum spp.

U radu su prikazane patogene karakteristike 20 izolata Colletotrichum spp. poreklom sa plodova kruške, jabuke, višnje i paradajza, kao i referentnih sojeva C. acutatum (CBS 294.67) i C. gloeosporioides (CBS 516.97). U proučavanja kruga domaćina izolata Colletotrichum spp. uključeno je 17 biljnih vrsta. Devet dana nakon veštačkih inokulacija svi testirani izolati prouzrokovali su antraknozne lezije na plodu jabuke, kruške, kajsije, trešnje, višnje, šljive, jagode, grožđa, paradajza, paprike, plavog patlidžana, krastavca, tikvice i boranije. Izolati Colletotrichum spp. poreklom sa istog domaćina pokazuju izvesne razlike u stepenu agresivnosti, što se može tumačiti genetskom varijabilnošću populacija. Rezultati jednofaktorijalne analize varijanse ukazuju na statistički značajne razlike u patogenosti izolata Colletotrichum spp. na nezrelim i zrelim plodovima kruške, jabuke, višnje i paradajza. Poređenjem stepena nekroze utvrđena je slaba do umerena osetljivost nezrelih plodova. Zreli plodovi su manifestovali jaku osetljivost prema svim testiranim izolatima Colletotrichum spp.