Influence of different temperatures on germination of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)

Abstract

A good understanding of seed ecology of weed species is important in evaluating the invasibility potential of some weed species, and in constructing efficient programmes for the eradication of weeds. Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) are two widespread weed species in the territory of Serbia, so the knowledge of their seed ecology is a necessity. Germination of their seeds was examined at different temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40ºC). Germination rates were calculated based on everyday monitoring of the number of germinated seeds, and 7 days after the initiation of the experiment, the final germination percent was determined. Percent of germinated seeds of A. fatua was highest at 10ºC (90%), and lowest at 35ºC (6,87%), while the germination rate was highest at 25ºC (7,9 germinated seeds/day), and lowest at 30ºC (0,79 germinated seeds/day). In contrast, the germination percent for A. artemisiifolia was highest at 40ºC (2,08%), while no germination was registered at 5 - 10ºC temperature range. The germination rate of common ragweed was highest at 30ºC (7,84 germinated seeds/day), and lowest at 40ºC (0,7 germinated seeds/day).

Poznavanje ekologije semena korova je značajno za procenu potencijala invazivnosti neke korovske vrste, kao i za osmišljavanje efikasnih programa za suzbijanje korova. Divlji ovas (Avena fatua L.) i ambrozija (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) su dve veoma rasprostranjene korovske vrste na području Srbije, pa je stoga neophodno poznavanje ekologije semena ovih vrsta. Klijavost njihovog semena je ispitivana na različitim temperaturama (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 i 40ºC). Na osnovu svakodnevnog praćenja broja klijalih semena izračunata je stopa klijavosti, a 7 dana nakon postavljanja eksperimenta određen je finalni procenat klijavosti. Procenat klijavosti A. fatua je bio najveći pri temperaturi od 10ºC (90%), a najmanji pri temperaturi od 35ºC (6,87%), dok je stopa klijavosti bila najveća na temperaturi od 25ºC (7,9 klijalih semena/dan), a najmanja na temperaturi od 30ºC (0,79 klijalih semena/dan). Nasuprot tome, procenat klijavosti A. artemisiifolia je bio najveći pri temperaturi od 25ºC (30%), a najmanji pri temperaturi od 40ºC (2,08%), dok na temperaturama od 5 i 10ºC seme nije klijalo. Stopa klijavosti je bila najveća na temperaturi od 30ºC (7,84 klijalih semena/dan), a najmanja na temperaturi od 40ºC (0,7 klijalih semena/dan).