Effects of the growth regulators on tobacco, oilseed rape and wheat

Abstract

During the 80s it was considered that a new era in agriculture has begun with the manipulation of plant growth through the use of synthetic regulators. Growth regulators (GR) have found their application in different crops (cereals, tobacco, potato, bananas, coffee, cotton, oilseed rape) and plantations (fruit and citrus orchards and vineyards). In order to examine the influence of GR on the growth of plants, i.e. their lateral branches, the trials were conducted in tobacco, winter wheat and oilseed rape fields, with the aim to evaluate the effects of growth regulators. Maleic hydrazide potassium and different concentrationsof butralin were applied in tobacco, while tebuconazole was applied in oilseed rape and ethephon in wheat. Analysis of the results has shown that the application of GR has had an effect on the growth of lateral tobacco shoots and oilseed rape and wheat plants. Statistically signifficant differences between the control and treated plants have been determined for all of the assessed rates of growth regulators. The effects were more pronounced on the length of lateral shoots in the upper nodes of tobacco, while in oilseed rape a higher efficiency was registered following fall treatments.

Osamdesetih godina prošlog veka smatralo se da manipulacija rastom biljaka zasnovana na korišćenju sintetičkih regulatora, predstavlja početak nove ere u poljoprivrednoj praksi. Regulatori rasta (RR) su našli primenu u različitim usevima (strna žita, duvan, krompir, banana, kafa, pamuk, uljana repica) i zasadima (voće, vinova loza, citrusi). U cilju ispitivanja uticaja RR na porast biljaka, odnosno bočnih izdanaka postavljeni su ogledi u usevima duvana, ozime pšenice i uljane repice. Malein-hidrazid kalijum i različite koncentracije RR butralin su primenjeni u duvanu, tebukonazol je primenjen u uljanoj repici, a etefon u pšenici. Analizom rezultata konstatovano je da je primena RR uticala na rast bočnih izdanaka listova duvana, kao i na porast biljaka uljane repice i pšenice. Utvrđene su statistički jasne razlike između kontrole i tretmana kod svih ispitivanih količina RR. U usevu duvana efekat RR je bio izraženiji na dužinu bočnih izdanaka viših spratova, a kod biljaka uljane repice bolji efekat je uočen nakon primene jesenjih tretmana.