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Widespread plant specialization in the polyphagous planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus (Cixiidae), a major vector of stolbur phytoplasma: Evidence of cryptic speciation

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2018
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Authors
Kosovac, Andrea
Johannesen, Jes
Krstić, Oliver
Mitrović, Milana
Cvrković, Tatjana
Toševski, Ivo
Jović, Jelena
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
The stolbur phytoplasma vector Hyalesthes obsoletus is generally considered as a polyphagous species associated with numerous wild and cultivated plants. However, recent research in southeastern Europe, the distribution centre of H. obsoletus and the area of most stolbur-inflicted crop diseases, points toward specific host-plant associations of the vector, indicating specific vector-based transmission routes. Here, we study the specificity of populations associated with four host-plants using mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers, and we evaluate the evolution of host-shifts in H. obsoletus. Host-plant use was confirmed for Convolvulus arvensis, Urtica dioica, Vitex agnus-castus and Crepis foetida. Mitochondrial genetic analysis showed sympatric occurrence of three phylogenetic lineages that were ecologically delineated by host-plant preference, but were morphologically inseparable. Nuclear data supported the existence of three genetic groups (Evanno's Delta K(3) = 803.72) with ave...rage genetic membership probabilities gt 90%. While populations associated with C. arvensis and U. dioica form a homogenous group, populations affiliated with V. agnus-castus and C. foetida constitute two independent plant-associated lineages. The geographical signal permeating the surveyed populations indicated complex diversification processes associated with host-plant selection and likely derived from post-glacial refugia in the eastern Mediterranean. This study provides evidence for cryptic species diversification within H. obsoletus sensu lato: i) consistent mitochondrial differentiation (1.1-1.5%) among host-associated populations in syntopy and in geographically distant areas, ii) nuclear genetic variance supporting mitochondrial data, and iii) average mitochondrial genetic distances among host-associated meta-populations are comparable to the most closely related, morphologically distinguishable species, i.e., Hyalesthes thracicus (2.1-3.3%).

Source:
PlOS One, 2018, 13, 5
Publisher:
  • Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Projects:
  • Agrobiodiversity and land-use change in Serbia: an integrated biodiversity assessment of key functional groups of arthropods and plant pathogens (RS-43001)
  • Stiftung Rheinland-Pfalz fur Innovation - 15202-386261/861
  • SCOPES program of the Swiss National Science Foundation - IZ73Z0_152414

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196969

ISSN: 1932-6203

PubMed: 29738577

WoS: 000431724900036

Scopus: 2-s2.0-85046687936
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URI
http://plantarum.izbis.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/547
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