Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Fusarium proliferatum isolated from elephant garlic Allium ampeloprasum L

Abstract

Symptoms of cloves rot of A. ampeloprasum were noticed during 2018 in storage conditions. 16 isolates were obtained (AMP1-AMP16) and according to morphological and cultural characteristics they belong to F. proliferatum (sex. stage Gibberella intermedia), species of Gibberella fujikuroi complex. To confirm morphological identification, total genomic DNA was extracted from mycelium of the 16 isolates by amplification of TEF-1a gene, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that was performed with the primer pair EF1 and EF2. Results presented in this article clearly indicated that the new host of Fusarium proliferatum as the causal agent of cloves rot is "elephant garlic" Allium ampeloprasum. Pathogenicity test was confirmed on Allium ampeloprasum cloves. Pathogenicity assays revealed that all isolates caused symptoms on tested Allium spp., like naturally infected cloves.

Simptomi truleži uskladištenih čenova belog luka na vrsti poznatoj kao "elephant garlic" (A. ampeloprasum) zapaženi su tokom 2018. godine. Prikupljen je veliki broj zaraženih uzoraka i nakon izolacije odabrano je 16 izolata (AMP1-AMP16) za dalja istraživanja. Na osnovu morfoloških i odgajivačkih karakteristika je ustanovljeno da je prouzrokovač truleži čenova gljiva F. proliferatum (telemorf Gibberella intermedia), koja pripada kompleksu Gibberella fujikuroi. Proučavanjem patogenosti svi izolati su prouzrokovali simptome truleži na različitim vrstama roda Allium spp. koji su identični prirodnoj infekciji. U cilju potvrde morfoloških odlika izvršena je molekularna identifikacija metodom lančane reakcije polimeraze (PCR) korišćenjem para prajmera EF1 i EF2 koji amplifikuju TEF-1a gen, sekvencioniranje DNK i filogenetska analiza dobijenih sekvenci. Dobijeni rezultati potvrdili su da je Fusarium proliferatum prouzrokovač truleži na vrsti A. ampeloprasum kao novom domaćinu.